Dimensions of Trust in AI Coaching Assistants Among Elite Athletes: Interviews with Users and Non-Users
Keywords:
Trust in AI, coaching assistants, elite athletes, qualitative research, transparency, ethics, sports technologyAbstract
This study aimed to explore the dimensions of trust in AI coaching assistants among elite athletes, examining the perspectives of both users and non-users. A qualitative research design was adopted, employing semi-structured interviews with 17 elite athletes from Mexico representing diverse sports, including athletics, football, swimming, and martial arts. Participants were selected purposively to capture experiences from both current or past users (n = 9) and non-users (n = 8) of AI coaching assistants. Interviews were conducted until theoretical saturation was achieved. Each session lasted 45–70 minutes, recorded with consent, transcribed verbatim, and pseudonymized. Data were analyzed thematically using Braun and Clarke’s framework, with the aid of NVivo 14 software for systematic coding and theme development. Four overarching themes emerged: (1) perceived reliability, where athletes valued accurate and consistent feedback but were wary of technical failures; (2) transparency and understanding, with trust enhanced by clear explanations and data governance, but undermined by opaque “black box” processes; (3) emotional and relational aspects, where athletes appreciated private, supportive feedback but emphasized the irreplaceable motivational role of human coaches; and (4) ethical and contextual considerations, including concerns about fairness, accessibility, accountability, and professional acceptance. Illustrative quotations highlighted how athletes negotiate trust across these dimensions, reflecting both enthusiasm and caution in adopting AI coaching assistants. Trust in AI coaching assistants among elite athletes is shaped by technical, relational, and ethical factors. The findings underscore that AI is most effective when framed as a complement rather than a substitute for human coaching. Building trust requires transparency, fairness, accessibility, and institutional support to ensure responsible and equitable integration of AI into elite sports contexts.
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